Rotavirus: vieja enfermedad, nuevas vacunas / No disponible

El rotavirus es la causa más importante de diarrea en la infancia. En países en vías de desarrollo presenta una gran morbimortalidad, siendo responsable de casi 500.000 muertes en niños menores de 5 años cada año. Por otro lado, en Europa y Norteamérica cerca de la tercera parte de todos los ingresos hospitalarios por gastroenteritis se deben a este microorganismo. La infección por rotavirus afecta prácticamente a la totalidad de los niños hasta los 5 años de edad, aunque las formas graves de la enfermedad ocurren sobre todo entre los 3 meses y los 3 años. El virus aparece en altas concentraciones en las heces de los niños enfermos y tiene una gran capacidad de transmisión entre individuos. La carga de la enfermedad y el costo social y económico son muy elevados, alcanzando los 1.600 euros por cada ingreso. En 2006 se han comercializado en nuestro país dos nuevas vacunas orales. Ambas demuestran un muy buen perfil de seguridad y una elevada eficacia en la prevención de enfermedad grave, deshidratación y hospitalizaciones por gastroenteritis en población infantil

Rotavirus is a major cause of diarrhoea in childhood. It shows an enormous morbidity and mortality in developing countries, being responsible for approximately half a million deaths per year among children aged less than five years. In the other hand in Europe and United States of America nearly one third of admissions by gastroenteritis are due to this microorganism. Rotavirus infects almost all infants by the age of five years, although severe disease appears almost always in children of three to thirty-six months. Rotavirus appears in high concentrations in the stools of infected children having an increasing capacity of transmission person to person. Burden of the disease and its social and economic cost are extremely high reaching one thousand and six hundred euros by each hospitalization. Two new oral vaccines have been commercialized in our country last year. Both of them report an excellent profile of security and a high efficacy in the prevention of severe disease, dehydration and admissions to hospital because of gastroenteritis in the childhood population (AU)

[Isolated hyperferritinemia in a healthy male infant: hereditary hyperferritinemia-cataract syndrome]. / Hiperferritinemia aislada en un lactante sano: síndrome hereditario de hiperferritinemia y cataratas.

The case of a male infant who was found to have hyperferritinemia was made at the age of 3 months is described. The patient and several members of his family from three generations were diagnosed with hereditary hyperferritinemia-cataract syndrome with a new point mutation in the iron-responsive element of the L-ferritin gene. Differential diagnosis of hyperferritinemia is discussed with emphasis on the need for the knowledge of this entity to avoid unnecessary investigations.

Hiperferritinemia aislada en un lactante sano: síndrome hereditario de hiperferritinemia y cataratas / Isolated hyperferritinemia in a healthy male infant: hereditary hyperferritinemia-cataract syndrome

Se describe el caso de un lactante varón con hallazgo casual de hiperferritinemia a los 3 meses, a través del cual se llegó al diagnóstico en varios familiares de 3 generaciones de síndrome hereditario de hiperferritinemia y cataratas, con una nueva mutación puntual en el IRE del gen de la L-ferritina. Se comenta el diagnóstico diferencial de las hiperferritinemias, haciendo hincapié en el conocimiento de esta entidad para evitar exploraciones innecesarias (AU)

[Follow-up of children born to parents affected by the toxic oil syndrome]. / Seguimiento de hijos nacidos de padres afectados por el síndrome tóxico.

Conditions at birth and evolution during the first year of life of a group of infants whose parents were affected by the Spanish Toxic Syndrome are presented. They are distributed in three groups: first those infants of high risk whose father or mother (or both) have consumed toxic oil; second children whose parents had consumed non-brandname oil not demonstrated to have been toxic and without signs of disease; and a third control group of normal newborns without previous medical history. From the present study, authors cannot affirm whether ingestion of toxic oil by pregnant women had influenced intrauterine growth or first year growth. Nonetheless, new studies are needed which clarify evolutionary aspects of these children.